Housing fulfills the basic human need for shelter and is a strong measure of a community's cost of living, relative wealth and general prosperity.  In all cases, comparisons to state statistics reflect the state excluding New York City.

Homeownership rates have remained steady across the region and on par with the state at 71%. 
Each county in the Mid-Hudson Valley had similar owner-occupied rates in 2019-23, except Putnam with the highest rate at 83%, and have not varied much since 2009-13. Rates varied greatly based on race/ethnicity with Whites and Asian rates at 76% and 70%, respectively, compared to 56% of Hispanics and 46% for African Americans.

The Mid-Hudson Valley experienced a decrease in the rate of homelessness since 2007.
In 2023, there were 18 homeless people per 10,000 residents in the region, or nearly 1,750 people. Among the counties, Ulster County had the highest rate at 24 homeless people per 10,000 residents, followed by Dutchess County (23). Orange County had the lowest rate at 12 homeless people per 10,000 residents in 2023. The region’s rate of homelessness decreased by 8% between 2007 and 2023,  lower than the 9% decline in the national rate. 

Owning a home in the Mid-Hudson Valley has become more affordable since 2009-13, but homeownership remains unaffordable for many.
The affordability ratio (median home value divided by household income) was 3.7 in the region in 2019-23, down from 4 in 2009-13. Across the region, ratios ranged from a low of 3.4 in both Sullivan and Greene counties to a high of 3.9 in Ulster County – all approximately at or above the 3.0 considered affordable.

Rental housing has become less affordable  between 2009-13 and 2019–23, similar to the state trend.
Region-wide, 33% of the median household income went to cover rent in 2019-23, above the federal affordability guideline that housing should cost no more than 30% of household income. Most counties in the region had proportions that exceed the federal guideline for affordability except for Greene at 28% and Sullivan at 29%, with Orange at 36%, Ulster at 35%, Putnam and Columbia at 32%, and Dutchess at 31%. In the region, the percent of household income going to rent increased 6 percentage points from 2009-2013 to 2019-23. Rates remained fairly steady in most of the counties between these periods, except in Greene, Putnam and Sullivan which all saw 6 point decreases from 2009-13 to 2019-23. Rental housing was considered less affordable for African American who spent 35% of their income on rent compared to Asian and Hispanic renters (both 30%) and White renters (29%).