Demographics
Foreign-Born Population

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Foreign-Born Population

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What does this measure?

The percentage of the population in a region that is foreign-born, which includes anyone who is not a U.S. citizen at birth. People who become U.S. citizens through naturalization are considered foreign-born.

Why is this important?

Foreign-born Americans and their descendants have historically been a main driver of population growth, and that role will only increase in the future. According to the Pew Research Center, new immigrants and their children and grandchildren accounted for 55% of the U.S. population increase from 1965 to 2015, from 193 million to 324 million. Pew projects the population will grow to 441 million in 2065, and 88% of the increase is linked to future immigrants and their descendants. This measure also is a reflection of the composition of a community, which can offer insight into its levels of diversity.

How is the region performing?

The foreign-born share of the population in the Mid-Hudson Valley increased slightly from 2008-12 to 2018-22, from 10% to 11%. The percentage in 2018-22 was slightly lower than New York State excluding New York City (12%) and the U.S. (14%). The state and nation also had slight increases in foreign-born population since 2000.

Among the region's counties, foreign-born residents represented the largest share of the overall population in 2018-22 in Putnam County, at 14%, followed by Orange, at 12%. Greene had the smallest share, at 6%. In raw numbers, Orange had the largest foreign-born population (about 49,100 residents), followed by Dutchess (about 33,000 residents). The two smallest were Greene, with only about 2,700 foreign-born residents, and Columbia, at 4,100.

Among the region's larger communities, Newburgh (Orange County) had one of the biggest percentages of foreign-born residents, at 20%. Poughkeepsie (Dutchess County), at 16%, also was quite a bit higher than the region as a whole.

Notes about the data

The multiyear figures are from the Census Bureau's American Community Survey. The bureau combined 5 years of responses to the survey to provide estimates for smaller geographic areas and increase the precision of its estimates. However, because the information came from a survey, the samples responding to the survey were not always large enough to produce reliable results, especially in small geographic areas. CGR has noted on data tables the estimates with relatively large margins of error. Estimates with three asterisks have the largest margins, plus or minus 50% or more of the estimate. Two asterisks mean plus or minus 35%-50%, and one asterisk means plus or minus 20%-35%. For all estimates, the confidence level is 90%, meaning there is 90% probability the true value (if the whole population were surveyed) would be within the margin of error (or confidence interval). The survey provides data on characteristics of the population that used to be collected only during the decennial census. Data for this indicator are released annually in December.

Foreign-Born Population
2008-122013-172018-22
Region10%10%11%
Columbia6%7%7%
Dutchess12%11%11%
Greene5%6%6%
Orange11%11%12%
Putnam12%13%14%
Sullivan10%9%11%
Ulster7%8%8%
NYS (excluding NYC)11%12%12%
U.S.13%13%14%
Columbia Cities
Hudson city, Columbia County10%*19%*17%*
Columbia Towns
Ancram town, Columbia County6%**7%**6%**
Austerlitz town, Columbia County5%***5%**7%*
Canaan town, Columbia County2%***3%**5%**
Chatham town, Columbia County5%**5%***6%**
Claverack town, Columbia County6%*5%***4%***
Clermont town, Columbia County6%**6%**7%*
Copake town, Columbia County9%***4%***5%**
Gallatin town, Columbia County6%**7%**6%**
Germantown town, Columbia County5%***7%**5%***
Ghent town, Columbia County4%**7%**7%***
Greenport town, Columbia County4%***7%**7%**
Hillsdale town, Columbia County13%**9%**5%**
Kinderhook town, Columbia County4%**4%**4%*
Livingston town, Columbia County7%***5%***10%*
New Lebanon town, Columbia County8%***6%***4%***
Stockport town, Columbia County3%***3%***7%***
Stuyvesant town, Columbia County2%***6%***2%***
Taghkanic town, Columbia County5%**5%**10%*
Columbia Villages
Chatham village, Columbia County4%***4%***4%***
Kinderhook village, Columbia County7%***6%***8%***
Philmont village, Columbia County5%***3%***6%***
Valatie village, Columbia County4%***5%***5%***
Dutchess Cities
Beacon city, Dutchess County11%*13%*11%*
Poughkeepsie city, Dutchess County21%19%16%
Dutchess Towns
Amenia town, Dutchess County10%***3%***11%***
Beekman town, Dutchess County9%*9%10%
Clinton town, Dutchess County6%**5%**6%**
Dover town, Dutchess County9%*11%*12%*
East Fishkill town, Dutchess County10%10%10%
Fishkill town, Dutchess County13%13%11%
Hyde Park town, Dutchess County7%*7%*8%*
La Grange town, Dutchess County9%*8%10%*
Milan town, Dutchess County10%**7%*9%**
North East town, Dutchess County9%**12%**14%**
Pawling town, Dutchess County10%*9%*10%*
Pine Plains town, Dutchess County5%**7%***3%***
Pleasant Valley town, Dutchess County6%*9%*7%*
Poughkeepsie town, Dutchess County13%13%14%
Red Hook town, Dutchess County7%*9%8%*
Rhinebeck town, Dutchess County7%*11%*7%*
Stanford town, Dutchess County9%***7%***9%**
Union Vale town, Dutchess County8%**11%*9%**
Wappinger town, Dutchess County17%12%13%
Washington town, Dutchess County8%**7%**7%**
Dutchess Villages
Fishkill village, Dutchess County21%***11%*13%**
Millbrook village, Dutchess County10%**6%***7%***
Millerton village, Dutchess County16%***14%***30%***
Pawling village, Dutchess County13%**11%*15%**
Red Hook village, Dutchess County6%***13%**11%***
Rhinebeck village, Dutchess County7%***15%**8%***
Tivoli village, Dutchess County7%**6%***8%***
Wappingers Falls village, Dutchess County31%*20%**14%**
Greene Towns
Ashland town, Greene County9%***7%***9%***
Athens town, Greene County7%**3%***15%*
Cairo town, Greene County5%***8%**2%***
Catskill town, Greene County5%*5%**5%*
Coxsackie town, Greene County4%**6%*5%**
Durham town, Greene County8%**5%**4%***
Greenville town, Greene County5%***5%***2%***
Halcott town, Greene County8%***9%***15%***
Hunter town, Greene County9%**12%***8%***
Jewett town, Greene County6%***11%**8%***
Lexington town, Greene County4%***5%***10%***
New Baltimore town, Greene County1%***3%***2%***
Prattsville town, Greene County12%***8%***3%***
Windham town, Greene County5%***8%***12%**
Greene Villages
Athens village, Greene County6%***3%***15%**
Catskill village, Greene County2%***4%***5%***
Coxsackie village, Greene County3%***5%***5%***
Hunter village, Greene County8%***3%***26%***
Tannersville village, Greene County2%***1%***9%***
Orange Cities
Middletown city, Orange County21%18%18%
Newburgh city, Orange County24%24%20%
Port Jervis city, Orange County5%**6%**11%**
Orange Towns
Blooming Grove town, Orange County7%*8%*9%*
Chester town, Orange County10%*12%*9%*
Cornwall town, Orange County5%*5%*5%*
Crawford town, Orange County6%***5%*8%*
Deerpark town, Orange County5%**2%**6%**
Goshen town, Orange County12%*8%*10%*
Greenville town, Orange County6%**6%**9%**
Hamptonburgh town, Orange County5%**11%*9%**
Highlands town, Orange County6%*8%*12%*
Minisink town, Orange County3%***6%***4%***
Monroe town, Orange County12%10%17%
Montgomery town, Orange County8%*6%9%*
Mount Hope town, Orange County10%*8%*11%*
New Windsor town, Orange County11%12%15%
Newburgh town, Orange County10%10%13%
Tuxedo town, Orange County8%*12%*12%**
Wallkill town, Orange County13%13%17%
Warwick town, Orange County9%6%9%
Wawayanda town, Orange County7%**7%*7%*
Woodbury town, Orange County14%*17%17%*
Orange Villages
Chester village, Orange County18%**15%**10%**
Cornwall-on-Hudson village, Orange County3%**3%***6%**
Florida village, Orange County11%*9%*11%**
Goshen village, Orange County12%*10%**10%***
Greenwood Lake village, Orange County8%***5%***21%**
Harriman village, Orange County20%**23%*23%*
Highland Falls village, Orange County10%**14%*21%*
Kiryas Joel village, Orange County7%7%7%*
Maybrook village, Orange County13%**12%*14%*
Monroe village, Orange County16%*15%*20%
Montgomery village, Orange County4%***4%**6%**
Otisville village, Orange County4%***8%***13%***
South Blooming Grove village, Orange County10%**14%*5%**
Tuxedo Park village, Orange County9%***10%**12%**
Unionville village, Orange County3%***11%***2%***
Walden village, Orange County8%*5%*15%**
Warwick village, Orange County5%**4%**13%**
Washingtonville village, Orange County8%**8%*9%*
Woodbury village, Orange County13%*15%*15%*
Putnam Towns
Carmel town, Putnam County11%14%13%
Kent town, Putnam County11%14%16%
Patterson town, Putnam County9%*13%*15%
Philipstown town, Putnam County10%*8%9%*
Putnam Valley town, Putnam County13%*11%*12%*
Southeast town, Putnam County14%16%20%
Putnam Villages
Brewster village, Putnam County41%*53%*40%*
Cold Spring village, Putnam County6%**9%*7%**
Nelsonville village, Putnam County16%***7%**9%**
Sullivan Towns
Bethel town, Sullivan County8%**6%***8%***
Callicoon town, Sullivan County5%***5%***4%***
Cochecton town, Sullivan County5%**7%***6%**
Delaware town, Sullivan County9%*10%**7%***
Fallsburg town, Sullivan County18%12%11%*
Forestburgh town, Sullivan County7%***9%**11%**
Fremont town, Sullivan County3%***5%***5%***
Highland town, Sullivan County10%***9%*16%***
Liberty town, Sullivan County13%*10%*20%*
Lumberland town, Sullivan County11%*11%*6%**
Mamakating town, Sullivan County4%**7%*6%*
Neversink town, Sullivan County2%***6%***7%***
Rockland town, Sullivan County4%***5%***9%**
Thompson town, Sullivan County13%13%*12%
Tusten town, Sullivan County4%**7%**7%**
Sullivan Villages
Bloomingburg village, Sullivan County10%***6%***6%***
Jeffersonville village, Sullivan County10%***13%***5%***
Liberty village, Sullivan County16%*12%***27%**
Monticello village, Sullivan County17%*17%*15%*
Woodridge village, Sullivan County17%**13%***12%***
Wurtsboro village, Sullivan County2%***6%***5%***
Ulster Cities
Kingston city, Ulster County11%11%11%*
Ulster Towns
Denning town, Ulster County0%***6%***13%***
Esopus town, Ulster County4%**7%**10%***
Gardiner town, Ulster County6%***6%**7%*
Hardenburgh town, Ulster County2%***0%***5%***
Hurley town, Ulster County5%*4%**5%**
Kingston town, Ulster County1%***2%***4%***
Lloyd town, Ulster County6%*6%*12%*
Marbletown town, Ulster County6%**8%***10%**
Marlborough town, Ulster County7%**6%*4%**
New Paltz town, Ulster County8%10%7%*
Olive town, Ulster County5%**7%**5%***
Plattekill town, Ulster County8%**8%*5%**
Rochester town, Ulster County6%**7%***9%**
Rosendale town, Ulster County3%***4%**12%***
Saugerties town, Ulster County6%**7%*5%**
Shandaken town, Ulster County12%***10%***8%***
Shawangunk town, Ulster County5%*5%*5%*
Ulster town, Ulster County6%*8%*7%*
Wawarsing town, Ulster County13%11%*7%*
Woodstock town, Ulster County8%*9%*11%*
Ulster Villages
Ellenville village, Ulster County11%**13%**9%**
New Paltz village, Ulster County9%*13%8%*
Saugerties village, Ulster County7%***8%**6%**

Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Notes: Multiyear results are from rolling American Community Survey. * Margin of error between 20% & 35% of estimate; ** margin of error between 35% & 50%; *** margin of error greater than 50%.




Number of Foreign-Born People
2008-122013-172018-22
Region115,823115,752125,113
Columbia3,6734,1854,105
Dutchess35,17133,49133,016
Greene2,5292,8962,682
Orange42,03640,83849,076
Putnam11,51913,20413,815
Sullivan7,8497,1558,276
Ulster13,04613,98314,143
NYS (excluding NYC)1,244,1551,310,5581,375,787
U.S.39,784,30543,028,12745,281,071
Columbia Cities
Hudson city, Columbia County695*1,216*981*
Columbia Towns
Ancram town, Columbia County87**98**93**
Austerlitz town, Columbia County61***76**109*
Canaan town, Columbia County39***51**82**
Chatham town, Columbia County189**197***227**
Claverack town, Columbia County338*271***224***
Clermont town, Columbia County120**114**151*
Copake town, Columbia County331***146***180**
Gallatin town, Columbia County111**122**91**
Germantown town, Columbia County91***129**83***
Ghent town, Columbia County215**356**345***
Greenport town, Columbia County155***295**295**
Hillsdale town, Columbia County270**144**85**
Kinderhook town, Columbia County324**360**341*
Livingston town, Columbia County259***172***373*
New Lebanon town, Columbia County202***143***95***
Stockport town, Columbia County86***95***183***
Stuyvesant town, Columbia County45***141***40***
Taghkanic town, Columbia County55**59**127*
Columbia Villages
Chatham village, Columbia County78***63***79***
Kinderhook village, Columbia County98***78***102***
Philmont village, Columbia County63***37***92***
Valatie village, Columbia County72***81***88***
Dutchess Cities
Beacon city, Dutchess County1,681*1,862*1,560*
Poughkeepsie city, Dutchess County6,7065,8395,005
Dutchess Towns
Amenia town, Dutchess County446***122***437***
Beekman town, Dutchess County1,387*1,3231,358
Clinton town, Dutchess County271**214**248**
Dover town, Dutchess County769*949*1,050*
East Fishkill town, Dutchess County3,0192,9532,885
Fishkill town, Dutchess County2,8953,0492,678
Hyde Park town, Dutchess County1,435*1,545*1,683*
La Grange town, Dutchess County1,484*1,2471,642*
Milan town, Dutchess County238**161*219**
North East town, Dutchess County285**372**409**
Pawling town, Dutchess County865*759*823*
Pine Plains town, Dutchess County132**183***67***
Pleasant Valley town, Dutchess County558*875*730*
Poughkeepsie town, Dutchess County5,9555,9356,262
Red Hook town, Dutchess County776*960829*
Rhinebeck town, Dutchess County564*821*570*
Stanford town, Dutchess County343***274***322**
Union Vale town, Dutchess County407**509*404**
Wappinger town, Dutchess County4,5713,1953,538
Washington town, Dutchess County384**344**297**
Dutchess Villages
Fishkill village, Dutchess County443***229*282**
Millbrook village, Dutchess County159**88***96***
Millerton village, Dutchess County121***122***255***
Pawling village, Dutchess County301**228*309**
Red Hook village, Dutchess County109***260**207***
Rhinebeck village, Dutchess County175***393**216***
Tivoli village, Dutchess County69**58***63***
Wappingers Falls village, Dutchess County1,642*1,105**812**
Greene Towns
Ashland town, Greene County67***53***56***
Athens town, Greene County265**111***602*
Cairo town, Greene County322***541**151***
Catskill town, Greene County536*546**547*
Coxsackie town, Greene County358**553*421**
Durham town, Greene County230**130**102***
Greenville town, Greene County181***174***86***
Halcott town, Greene County20***26***61***
Hunter town, Greene County253**327***242***
Jewett town, Greene County57***104**79***
Lexington town, Greene County42***46***61***
New Baltimore town, Greene County42***114***53***
Prattsville town, Greene County81***59***22***
Windham town, Greene County75***112***199**
Greene Villages
Athens village, Greene County89***40***279**
Catskill village, Greene County62***153***198***
Coxsackie village, Greene County78***142***135***
Hunter village, Greene County41***12***77***
Tannersville village, Greene County8***7***43***
Orange Cities
Middletown city, Orange County5,9854,8815,492
Newburgh city, Orange County7,0586,8675,741
Port Jervis city, Orange County407**484**999**
Orange Towns
Blooming Grove town, Orange County1,206*1,430*1,738*
Chester town, Orange County1,234*1,490*1,102*
Cornwall town, Orange County656*586*699*
Crawford town, Orange County515***472*686*
Deerpark town, Orange County388**182**413**
Goshen town, Orange County1,592*1,145*1,388*
Greenville town, Orange County259**289**429**
Hamptonburgh town, Orange County273**595*472**
Highlands town, Orange County768*1,009*1,607*
Minisink town, Orange County149***271***194***
Monroe town, Orange County4,6844,4643,545
Montgomery town, Orange County1,704*1,4752,088*
Mount Hope town, Orange County710*584*743*
New Windsor town, Orange County2,7973,1674,238
Newburgh town, Orange County2,8782,9224,068
Tuxedo town, Orange County274*409*457**
Wallkill town, Orange County3,5253,6875,047
Warwick town, Orange County2,9601,9783,034
Wawayanda town, Orange County481**512*515*
Woodbury town, Orange County1,533*1,9392,117*
Orange Villages
Chester village, Orange County701**600**399**
Cornwall-on-Hudson village, Orange County96**102***184**
Florida village, Orange County304*246*335**
Goshen village, Orange County634*519**577***
Greenwood Lake village, Orange County239***151***643**
Harriman village, Orange County484**696*687*
Highland Falls village, Orange County370**552*788*
Kiryas Joel village, Orange County1,3941,5482,264*
Maybrook village, Orange County374**380*453*
Monroe village, Orange County1,340*1,296*1,882
Montgomery village, Orange County157***178**222**
Otisville village, Orange County56***86***193***
South Blooming Grove village, Orange County315**446*208**
Tuxedo Park village, Orange County54***56**84**
Unionville village, Orange County14***66***12***
Walden village, Orange County559*369*997**
Warwick village, Orange County365**301**844**
Washingtonville village, Orange County462**480*534*
Woodbury village, Orange County1,375*1,667*1,693*
Putnam Towns
Carmel town, Putnam County3,7864,7834,230
Kent town, Putnam County1,5041,9362,012
Patterson town, Putnam County1,087*1,520*1,767
Philipstown town, Putnam County961*766843*
Putnam Valley town, Putnam County1,542*1,246*1,420*
Southeast town, Putnam County2,6392,9533,543
Putnam Villages
Brewster village, Putnam County955*1,260*1,003*
Cold Spring village, Putnam County104**171*134**
Nelsonville village, Putnam County120***53**60**
Sullivan Towns
Bethel town, Sullivan County350**263***311***
Callicoon town, Sullivan County163***156***132***
Cochecton town, Sullivan County68**104***77**
Delaware town, Sullivan County247*247**161***
Fallsburg town, Sullivan County2,2601,6001,556*
Forestburgh town, Sullivan County61***96**99**
Fremont town, Sullivan County48***61***66***
Highland town, Sullivan County231***217*360***
Liberty town, Sullivan County1,268*911*2,019*
Lumberland town, Sullivan County293*253*121**
Mamakating town, Sullivan County531**837*787*
Neversink town, Sullivan County85***193***249***
Rockland town, Sullivan County159***192***303**
Thompson town, Sullivan County2,0281,940*1,932
Tusten town, Sullivan County57**85**103**
Sullivan Villages
Bloomingburg village, Sullivan County38***23***54***
Jeffersonville village, Sullivan County32***39***21***
Liberty village, Sullivan County702*491***1,371**
Monticello village, Sullivan County1,170*1,129*1,094*
Woodridge village, Sullivan County145**115***115***
Wurtsboro village, Sullivan County14***70***65***
Ulster Cities
Kingston city, Ulster County2,6062,6122,596*
Ulster Towns
Denning town, Ulster County3***30***68***
Esopus town, Ulster County332**630**947***
Gardiner town, Ulster County324***357**410*
Hardenburgh town, Ulster County4***1***6***
Hurley town, Ulster County336*251**313**
Kingston town, Ulster County14***22***41***
Lloyd town, Ulster County671*673*1,331*
Marbletown town, Ulster County311**434***544**
Marlborough town, Ulster County590**562*327**
New Paltz town, Ulster County1,0581,3451,099*
Olive town, Ulster County230**304**218***
Plattekill town, Ulster County885**811*541**
Rochester town, Ulster County454**487***652**
Rosendale town, Ulster County168***226**689***
Saugerties town, Ulster County1,128**1,306*937**
Shandaken town, Ulster County334***284***222***
Shawangunk town, Ulster County666*648*713*
Ulster town, Ulster County750*1,020*904*
Wawarsing town, Ulster County1,7291,431*893*
Woodstock town, Ulster County453*549*692*
Ulster Villages
Ellenville village, Ulster County439**545**396**
New Paltz village, Ulster County593*908623*
Saugerties village, Ulster County264***312**236**

Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Notes: Multiyear results are from rolling American Community Survey. * Margin of error between 20% & 35% of estimate; ** margin of error between 35% & 50%; *** margin of error greater than 50%.




INDICATORS TREND | STATE
Children Living in Poverty Increasing
Children Living in Poverty, by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Single-Parent Families Increasing
Single-Parent Families, by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Rate of Child Abuse and Neglect Decreasing
Rate of Foster Care Admissions Decreasing
Teen Pregnancy Decreasing
Average Charitable Giving Increasing
Voter Registration Rate Increasing
Voter Participation Rate Increasing
Total Population Increasing
Population by Age Not Applicable
Population by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Household Types Not Applicable
Foreign-Born Population Increasing
Change in Total Jobs Increasing
Employment by Sector Not Applicable
Spending for County Government Increasing
Tourism Revenue Increasing
Preschoolers Receiving Special Education Services Increasing
Prekindergarten Participation Decreasing
Students Receiving Special Education Services Increasing
Per-Student Spending Increasing
Student Performance on Grade 4 English, by Economic Background Not Applicable
Student Performance on Grade 4 English, by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Student Performance on Grade 4 Math, by Economic Background Not Applicable
Student Performance on Grade 4 Math, by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
High School Cohort Graduation Rate Increasing
High School Cohort Dropout Rate Decreasing
High School GED Rate Decreasing
Education Levels of Adults Not Applicable
Education Levels of Adults, by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Median Household Income Maintaining
Median Household Income, by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
People Living in Poverty Increasing
People Living in Poverty, by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Seniors Living in Poverty Maintaining
Veterans Living in Poverty Decreasing
Children Receiving Subsidized Child Care Decreasing
Students Eligible for Free/Reduced Price Lunch Increasing
Earned Income Tax Credit Participation Decreasing
People Without Health Insurance Decreasing
Deaths from Drug Overdoses Increasing
Early Prenatal Care, by Mother's Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Living Wage Rate by Household Type Not Applicable
Income in Relation to Poverty Level Not Applicable
Babies with Low Birth Weights Increasing
People Living wth HIV Increasing
Mental Health Clinic Visits Decreasing
Homeownership Rates Increasing
Homeless Persons Decreasing
Cost of Homeownership Maintaining
Cost of Renting Not Applicable
Violent Crimes Decreasing
Domestic Violence Decreasing


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